Which statement is NOT a function of progesterone and estrogen in the menstrual cycle?

Which statement is NOT a function of progesterone and estrogen in the menstrual cycle?

• A. Inhibits the production of LH and FSH
• B. Maintains the endometrium for pregnancy
• C. Stimulates ovulation
• D. Provides feedback to the hypothalamus to regulate GnRH

Answer: (C)

Progesterone and estrogen regulate the menstrual cycle mainly through feedback on the hypothalamus and pituitary to modulate GnRH, LH, and FSH, while also preparing and maintaining the endometrium for potential pregnancy. Estrogen drives endometrial proliferation, and progesterone stabilizes and sustains the lining after ovulation. Ovulation itself is sparked by a surge of LH, which is prompted by estrogen’s positive feedback in the late follicular phase. Progesterone rises after ovulation to support the secretory endometrium and help prevent another ovulatory cycle. Because the actual trigger for ovulation is the LH surge—not a direct action of progesterone and estrogen themselves—the statement that they stimulate ovulation is not an accurate function of these hormones.

Progesterone and estrogen regulate the menstrual cycle mainly through feedback on the hypothalamus and pituitary to modulate GnRH, LH, and FSH, while also preparing and maintaining the endometrium for potential pregnancy. Estrogen drives endometrial proliferation, and progesterone stabilizes and sustains the lining after ovulation. Ovulation itself is sparked by a surge of LH, which is prompted by estrogen’s positive feedback in the late follicular phase. Progesterone rises after ovulation to support the secretory endometrium and help prevent another ovulatory cycle. Because the actual trigger for ovulation is the LH surge—not a direct action of progesterone and estrogen themselves—the statement that they stimulate ovulation is not an accurate function of these hormones.